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Statistics Past Paper MCQs
Statistics 2025 MCQs
1 / 20
The probability associated with committing Type-I error is:
Type-I error (αα): Rejecting a true null hypothesis (false positive).
Type-II error (ββ): Failing to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative).
2 / 20
The difference between a statistic and the parameter is called:
Statistic: Measured from a sample (e.g., sample mean).
Parameter: True population value (e.g., population mean).
Sampling error: Discrepancy due to random sampling.
3 / 20
The degree of freedom for paired t - test based on n pairs of observations is:
For a paired t-test, df = n−1, where n is the number of pairs.
4 / 20
What is the probability of sure event?
A sure event is certain to occur (e.g., "the sun will rise tomorrow"), so its probability is 1.
5 / 20
The types of estimates are:
Estimates include:
Point estimate (single value, e.g., sample mean).
Interval estimate (range, e.g., confidence interval).
Confidence region (multidimensional generalization).
6 / 20
Statistics deals with:
Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data. It focuses on aggregative facts (patterns and trends in large datasets) rather than individual or isolated observations.
7 / 20
Paired t - test is applicable when the observations in the two samples are:
A paired t-test compares two related groups (e.g., before/after measurements on the same subjects).
8 / 20
A survey conducted by a sampling design, is called:
A sample survey collects data from a subset of the population using a sampling method (e.g., random sampling).
9 / 20
Experimental error is due to:
Experimental error arises from uncontrolled variables (e.g., environmental factors), not mistakes by the experimenter.
10 / 20
The sum of the frequencies of the frequency distribution of a statistic is equal to:
The total frequency in a distribution equals the sample size (n).
11 / 20
The branch of Statistics that deals with procedure and methodology for obtaining valid conclusion is called:
Descriptive Statistics summarizes data (e.g., mean, median).
Inferential Statistics makes predictions or generalizations about a population based on sample data (e.g., hypothesis testing, confidence intervals).
12 / 20
Sum of the absolute deviation is least when deviation is taken from:
The median minimizes the sum of absolute deviations, whereas the mean minimizes the sum of squared deviations (used in variance and standard deviation).
13 / 20
The range of test statistic - t is:
The t-statistic can take any real value, depending on sample data.
14 / 20
In t - distribution, which one is true?
The t-distribution is symmetric (like the normal distribution), so its mean, median, and mode are equal.
15 / 20
In regression analysis, the variable that is being predicted is:
Dependent variable (Y): The outcome being predicted.
Independent variable (X): The predictor variable.
16 / 20
Which formula represents the probability of the complement of event A:
The complement rule states:
P(A′)=1−P(A)P(A′)=1−P(A)
where A′A′ is the event that AA does not occur.
17 / 20
Ranking scale also include the properties of ______ scale:
A ranking (ordinal) scale orders data (e.g., 1st, 2nd, 3rd) and inherits properties from the nominal scale (categorization without order).
18 / 20
The standard deviation of any sampling distribution is called:
The standard error (SE) quantifies the variability of a sample statistic (e.g., SE of the mean).
19 / 20
The degree to which numerical data tend to spread about an average, is called:
Dispersion measures variability (e.g., range, variance, standard deviation).
20 / 20
Sampling error can be reduced by:
Larger samples better approximate the population, reducing sampling error.
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