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Political Science Past Paper MCQs
Political Science-I 2025 MCQs
1 / 20
In parliamentary democracy, president is a/an ___ sovereign.
2 / 20
___ collected all the ordinances relating to public law and arranged them in one volume.
3 / 20
According to _______ Muslim thinker, the state is a moral institution to attain good for 'Millah' (nation/people).
Al-Mawardi (974–1058 CE), a prominent Islamic jurist and political theorist, articulated the concept of the state as a moral institution aimed at ensuring justice, welfare, and the common good (Maslahah) of the Millah (the Muslim community/nation). His works, particularly Al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyya ("The Ordinances of Government"), emphasize that the state's purpose is to uphold Sharia, promote virtue, and protect the interests of the people.
(b) Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi: Focused more on practical governance (e.g., Siyasatnama) and administration under the Seljuk Empire, rather than the moral-philosophical foundations of the state.
(c) Jamal-ud-din Afghani: A modernist reformer who advocated pan-Islamism and resistance to colonialism, but did not systematically theorize the state as a moral institution like Al-Mawardi.
(d) None of these: Incorrect, as Al-Mawardi explicitly fits the description.
Final Answer: (a) Al-Mawardi
4 / 20
Separation of power is the salient feature of ___ system.
5 / 20
Public Policy is generally consisting of the set of ___ adopted by a government.
6 / 20
Which one of these is not the principle of Islamic state?
In an Islamic state, the key principles include:
Sovereignty of God (A) – Ultimate authority belongs to Allah, and laws must align with Shariah (Islamic law).
Justice (B) – Fairness, equity, and rule of law are fundamental in governance.
Since both (A) Sovereignty of God and (B) Justice are core principles of an Islamic state, the option that suggests neither is incorrect. Thus, (D) None of these is the right choice, as it implies that both principles are indeed foundational to an Islamic state.
The other options (A, B, and C) incorrectly suggest that one or both principles do not apply.
7 / 20
The book 'The Open Society and its Enemies' is written by:
8 / 20
___ argues that Liberal Democracy is the final form of government for all nations.
9 / 20
Public administration is the study of the:
10 / 20
Which one of these is not a social contract theorist?
All three thinkers listed—Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and J. J. Rousseau—are classical social contract theorists. They each proposed different versions of how individuals enter into a social contract to form a political society:
Thomas Hobbes (Leviathan, 1651) – Argued for a strong sovereign to prevent the "state of nature" from descending into chaos.
John Locke (Two Treatises of Government, 1689) – Emphasized natural rights (life, liberty, property) and government by consent.
J. J. Rousseau (The Social Contract, 1762) – Advocated for popular sovereignty and the "general will."
Since all three (a, b, and c) are social contract theorists, the correct choice is (d) None of these (meaning none of them are excluded).
11 / 20
Which Muslim scholar gave the cyclical theory of 'Rise and Fall of Sovereign Power' (state)?
12 / 20
___ believes in rigid type of equality aimed at the collective ownership of all means of production.
13 / 20
Constitutional law is considered:
14 / 20
___ believes in the use of violence in armed insurrections or movements to capture state power.
15 / 20
Who gave the concept of 'Political Sovereignty'?
The concept of "Political Sovereignty" (the idea that ultimate authority resides in the people or the general will of the community) was most prominently developed by Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his work The Social Contract (1762).
Rousseau argued that sovereignty lies with the people and cannot be alienated or divided.
He emphasized popular sovereignty, where laws must reflect the general will of the community.
(a) Jean Bodin: He introduced the modern concept of "absolute sovereignty" (indivisible and perpetual sovereignty vested in the monarch), not political sovereignty.
(c) Montesquieu: He focused on the separation of powers, not sovereignty.
(d) None of these: Incorrect, as Rousseau is the correct answer.
Final Answer: (b) J. J. Rousseau
16 / 20
Change in the government is an important feature of a democratic system which is made possible through holding of:
17 / 20
‘Theory of Hegemony’ is propounded by:
The "Theory of Hegemony" was developed by Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist philosopher and political theorist. Gramsci's concept of hegemony refers to the dominance of one social group over others, not just through force but by shaping cultural norms, ideologies, and consent.
(a) Montesquieu: Known for the separation of powers, not hegemony.
(b) Derrida: A post-structuralist philosopher associated with deconstruction, not hegemony.
(c) Jean-Paul Sartre: An existentialist and Marxist thinker, but not linked to the theory of hegemony.
Since none of the options mention Gramsci, the correct choice is (d) None of these.
Final Answer: (d) None of these
18 / 20
The term 'Law' is derived from the German word:
19 / 20
According to Iqbal, the concept of 'Ummah' is based on:
20 / 20
Utilitarian thinkers believed in:
Utilitarian thinkers, such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, generally believed that the state should intervene in society to promote the "greatest happiness of the greatest number." While they emphasized individual liberty (especially Mill), they also supported government action in areas like:
Public welfare (education, healthcare)
Economic regulation (to prevent exploitation)
Legal reforms (to maximize utility)
Thus, utilitarianism often justified an expanding role of the state when it led to overall societal benefit.
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