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Psychology MCQs

1 / 40

Which method is primarily used in cognitive psychology to study the mind?

a) Observation

b) Case Studies

c) Surveys

d) Experiments

2 / 40

What is the main focus of psychodynamic theories?

a) Behavioral learning

b) Social and cultural factors

c) Conscious choice and self-direction

d) Unconscious forces and childhood experiences

3 / 40

Who is best known for formulating the theory of attachment?

a) John Bowlby

b) B.F. Skinner

c) Erik Erikson

d) Jean Piaget

4 / 40

What does the cognitive dissonance theory state?

a) People prefer consistency in their beliefs and behaviors

b) Learning occurs through observation

c) Behavior is motivated by unconscious drives

d) Development progresses through stages of moral reasoning

5 / 40

The 'Big Five' personality traits do NOT include:

a) Neuroticism

b) Conscientiousness

c) Sociability

d) Openness to experience

6 / 40

What does the term 'plasticity' refer to in neuroscience?

a) The brain's ability to change its structure and function

b) The rigidity of neural pathways

c) The process of aging in the brain

d) The role of genetics in brain development

7 / 40

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'egocentrism' in developmental psychology?

a) A focus on rebuilding the ego after trauma

b) The inability to differentiate between self and others

c) Difficulty in seeing the world from others' perspectives

d) Excessive interest in oneself and one's physical appearance

8 / 40

What is the main focus of humanistic psychology?

a) Behavioral response to stimuli

b) Unconscious motivations

c) Individual potential for growth

d) Cognitive processes

9 / 40

Which type of memory is of short duration, lasting up to 20 seconds?

a) Long-term memory

b) Sensory memory

c) Short-term memory

d) Working memory

10 / 40

Which hormone is primarily involved in the stress response?

a) Insulin

b) Testosterone

c) Cortisol

d) Estrogen

11 / 40

Who introduced the concept of the 'inferiority complex'?

a) Carl Jung

b) Alfred Adler

c) Sigmund Freud

d) Karen Horney

12 / 40

Who is known as the father of modern psychology?

a) William James

b) Wilhelm Wundt

c) Sigmund Freud

d) John B. Watson

13 / 40

Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?

a) Howard Gardner

b) Albert Bandura

c) Jean Piaget

d) Erik Erikson

14 / 40

In the context of psychological disorders, what is comorbidity?

a) A disorder that causes physical symptoms without a physiological basis

b) The occurrence of two or more disorders in the same person

c) The misdiagnosis of a psychological disorder

d) The exacerbation of one disorder due to the presence of another

15 / 40

What is the bystander effect?

a) Increased likelihood of helping someone in a crisis when others are present

b) Decreased likelihood of helping someone in a crisis when others are present

c) A phenomenon where witnesses of a crime become criminals

d) The influence of group opinion on an individual's decision

16 / 40

In the context of emotion, what does the James-Lange theory propose?

a) Emotions result from the experience of physiological reactions

b) Emotions and physiological reactions occur simultaneously

c) Cognitive appraisal is essential for emotion

d) Emotions are learned through reinforcement

17 / 40

The term 'unconscious' is most closely associated with which psychologist?

a) Carl Rogers

b) Sigmund Freud

c) B.F. Skinner

d) Albert Bandura

18 / 40

Which technique is most associated with the psychoanalytic approach?

a) Behavior modification

b) Cognitive restructuring

c) Free association

d) Systematic desensitization

19 / 40

Which of the following is a primary neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation?

a) Acetylcholine

b) Dopamine

c) Serotonin

d) GABA

20 / 40

The Stanford prison experiment was led by which psychologist?

a) Philip Zimbardo

b) Stanley Milgram

c) Leon Festinger

d) John Watson

21 / 40

What does the term 'heuristic' refer to in the context of decision-making?

a) A logical, step-by-step approach to problem-solving

b) A mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly

c) The process of making decisions based on formal rules of logic

d) An error in judgment that arises from limitations in cognitive processing

22 / 40

Which psychologist is most closely associated with the social learning theory?

a) B.F. Skinner

b) Albert Bandura

c) Jean Piaget

d) Carl Rogers

23 / 40

Which model is used to explain the process of how attitudes are formed and changed?

a) The Big Five model

b) The Transtheoretical model

c) The Elaboration Likelihood model

d) The Diathesis-Stress model

24 / 40

What is the main focus of positive psychology?

a) Treating mental illness

b) Understanding and fostering the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive

c) Studying dysfunctional behavior

d) Analyzing dreams and the unconscious

25 / 40

Which of the following best defines 'self-efficacy'?

a) A person's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations

b) A stable set of beliefs about one's qualities and abilities

c) The understanding of one's own emotions and motivations

d) The degree to which an individual identifies with a collective or group

26 / 40

What does the Gestalt principle of 'figure-ground' organization refer to?

a) The tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as part of the same grouping

b) The perception of objects as being constant in size, shape, and color, regardless of changes in perspective

c) The ability to distinguish an object from its background

d) The preference for symmetry and simplicity in visual stimuli

27 / 40

What does the term 'schema' refer to in cognitive psychology?

a) A mental structure for organizing and interpreting information

b) The smallest unit of meaningful sound in a language

c) A temporary cognitive state of confusion

d) The process of adjusting new information into existing knowledge

28 / 40

Which psychologist emphasized the importance of social interaction in cognitive development?

a) Abraham Maslow

b) Lev Vygotsky

c) Carl Rogers

d) B.F. Skinner

29 / 40

What is meant by 'tabula rasa' in psychology?

a) The belief that behavior is primarily influenced by genetics

b) The notion that the mind is a blank slate at birth

c) A state of perfect mental health

d) An experimental method for studying cognition

30 / 40

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) automatically produces:

a) A conditioned response (CR)

b) A neutral response

c) An unconditioned response (UCR)

d) A conditioned stimulus (CS)

31 / 40

What is object permanence?

a) The awareness that objects continue to exist even when not perceived

b) The ability to recognize oneself in a mirror

c) The understanding that objects have consistent form

d) The phase when a child understands that no object can be in two places at once

32 / 40

Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?

a) John B. Watson

b) B.F. Skinner

c) Ivan Pavlov

d) Carl Jung

33 / 40

What is the primary characteristic of a longitudinal study?

a) Studying the same subjects over a period of time

b) Comparing different subjects at one point in time

c) Conducting an experiment with a control group

d) Analyzing the impact of an independent variable on a dependent variable

34 / 40

What is the primary focus of cross-cultural psychology?

a) The study of psychological differences between animals

b) The influence of culture on behavior and mental processes

c) Comparing the cognitive abilities of different species

d) The study of personality traits across different age groups

35 / 40

Which psychological perspective emphasizes the interaction between the brain and the environment?

a) Behavioral

b) Cognitive

c) Biopsychosocial

d) Psychoanalytic

36 / 40

What does REM stand for in the context of sleep?

a) Rapid Eye Movement

b) Realistic Experience in Mind

c) Rest, Energy, and Mindfulness

d) Rhythmic Electromagnetic Motion

37 / 40

Who is known for developing the stages of cognitive development?

a) Sigmund Freud

b) Jean Piaget

c) Erik Erikson

d) Lawrence Kohlberg

38 / 40

What is the primary concern of developmental psychology?

a) Mental disorders

b) Learning processes

c) Changes across the lifespan

d) Personality development

39 / 40

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need is at the highest level?

a) Safety needs

b) Physiological needs

c) Esteem needs

d) Self-actualization

40 / 40

What does 'social facilitation' refer to?

a) The process through which the presence of others improves one's performance

b) The reduction in effort by individuals when working in a group

c) The influence of authority figures on obedience

d) The alteration of behavior to match social norms

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Psychology​ MCQs

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Psychology MCQs