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Anthropology MCQs

1 / 38

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is associated with which subfield of anthropology?

a) Cultural Anthropology

b) Linguistic Anthropology

c) Physical Anthropology

d) Archaeology

2 / 38

Which of the following is NOT a branch of Anthropology?

a) Ethnology

b) Epistemology

c) Linguistic Anthropology

d) Paleoanthropology

3 / 38

Who introduced the concept of 'Structural Violence' in anthropology?

a) Paul Farmer

b) Philippe Bourgois

c) Nancy Scheper-Hughes

d) Johan Galtung

4 / 38

The term 'Cargo Cult' in anthropology refers to?

a) A type of cult that worships industrial goods and cargo brought by westerners

b) An archaeological term for trade networks in ancient societies

c) A belief system among anthropologists regarding material culture

d) A method of anthropological research focusing on transportation of goods

5 / 38

The 'Feminist Anthropology' emerged as a reaction against?

a) The overemphasis on material culture in archaeology

b) The neglect of women's roles and perspectives in cultural analysis

c) The focus on linguistic analysis in cultural studies

d) The anthropological emphasis on primatology

6 / 38

The concept of 'Culture' in anthropology was first clearly defined by?

a) Edward Burnett Tylor

b) Bronisław Malinowski

c) A.R. Radcliffe-Brown

d) Margaret Mead

7 / 38

Fieldwork in Anthropology primarily involves?

a) Laboratory experiments

b) Statistical analysis of populations

c) Direct, long-term observation and participation in a community

d) Historical analysis of ancient texts

8 / 38

The concept of 'Cultural Diffusion' refers to?

a) The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another

b) The process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group

c) The deterioration of cultural beliefs and practices

d) The isolation of cultural practices within a particular group

9 / 38

Which anthropologist introduced the concept of 'Thick Description'?

a) Claude Lévi-Strauss

b) Clifford Geertz

c) Edward Burnett Tylor

d) Bronisław Malinowski

10 / 38

Who is considered the father of American Anthropology?

a) Franz Boas

b) Edward Burnett Tylor

c) Lewis Henry Morgan

d) Clifford Geertz

11 / 38

The anthropological study that compares human societies across cultures and historical periods to identify universal patterns and unique features is called?

a) Ethnography

b) Ethnology

c) Cultural Relativism

d) Cross-Cultural Analysis

12 / 38

Kinship and Social Organization were most systematically analyzed by?

a) Bronisław Malinowski

b) Edward Evans-Pritchard

c) Lewis Henry Morgan

d) Marcel Mauss

13 / 38

What is Ethnography?

a) A theory in anthropology

b) A research method based on observing societies in their environment

c) A branch of physical anthropology

d) A type of anthropological literature

14 / 38

Who among the following anthropologists is known for their work in Symbolic and Interpretive Anthropology?

a) Edward Burnett Tylor

b) Clifford Geertz

c) Franz Boas

d) Ruth Benedict

15 / 38

Which is NOT a feature of the anthropological concept of culture?

a) It is learned

b) It is shared

c) It is genetically inherited

d) It is symbolic

16 / 38

Postmodernism in Anthropology criticizes?

a) The focus on biological aspects of humans

b) The use of language in ethnographic descriptions

c) The authoritative voice of ethnography and its claims to objective knowledge

d) The study of kinship and social organization

17 / 38

The practice of creating written accounts of cultures based on ethnographic research is known as?

a) Cultural Mapping

b) Ethnology

c) Ethnography

d) Anthropometry

18 / 38

Which of the following best describes the anthropological concept of 'Animism'?

a) The belief in the existence of individual spirits that inhabit natural objects and phenomena

b) The comparative study of animal behaviors

c) The worship of ancestors

d) The study of human and animal interactions in cultural contexts

19 / 38

The anthropological concept of 'Reciprocity' is best defined as?

a) The exchange of cultural ideas between two cultures

b) The mutual exchange of goods and services for mutual benefit in societies

c) A form of economic transaction involving currency

d) The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge

20 / 38

Participant observation is a key research method in which subfield of anthropology?

a) Sociocultural Anthropology

b) Linguistic Anthropology

c) Biological Anthropology

d) Archaeological Anthropology

21 / 38

The Neolithic Revolution is characterized by?

a) The invention of writing

b) The development of agriculture

c) The first use of tools

d) The domestication of fire

22 / 38

The term 'Subculture' is used to describe?

a) A universal culture shared by all of humanity

b) A culture that exists within a larger culture but differs in some significant respects

c) An ancient culture that has ceased to exist

d) The dominant culture in a society

23 / 38

Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic feature of 'Civilization' in anthropology?

a) Urbanization

b) Social stratification

c) Use of metal tools

d) Nomadic lifestyle

24 / 38

The method of 'Life History' is used in anthropology to?

a) Reconstruct the evolutionary history of life forms

b) Collect detailed biographical accounts of individuals from a culture to understand cultural practices

c) Analyze the genetic makeup of anthropologists

d) Study the history of anthropological thought

25 / 38

In anthropology, the term 'Ethnocentrism' refers to?

a) The evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards of one's own culture

b) The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture

c) A theory that explains human behavior and ideas as shaped by biological features

d) The practice of analyzing cultures from a neutral, outsider's perspective

26 / 38

The term 'Ethnocide' refers to?

a) The systematic killing of an ethnic group

b) The destruction of the culture of an ethnic group without killing its members

c) The study of ethnic groups and their differences

d) The process of merging the culture of an ethnic group into another

27 / 38

Structural Functionalism is a concept developed by?

a) Claude Lévi-Strauss

b) A.R. Radcliffe-Brown

c) Marcel Mauss

d) Edward Evans-Pritchard

28 / 38

Cultural Relativism argues that?

a) All cultures are equally valid and can only be understood in their own terms

b) Some cultures are superior to others

c) Culture directly determines the physical characteristics of human beings

d) Technological advancements define cultural progress

29 / 38

Who authored 'Coming of Age in Samoa', a seminal work in Cultural Anthropology?

a) Margaret Mead

b) Ruth Benedict

c) Edward Burnett Tylor

d) Franz Boas

30 / 38

The 'Out of Africa' theory is related to?

a) The origins of agriculture

b) The spread of languages

c) The migration patterns of Homo sapiens

d) The development of early human societies

31 / 38

The Boasian tradition of anthropology emphasizes?

a) Cultural relativism and participant observation

b) The genetic basis of cultural differences

c) The comparative method in linguistics

d) Archaeological excavations as the primary source of cultural understanding

32 / 38

Which of the following is a focus of medical anthropology?

a) The impact of disease on ancient civilizations

b) The interaction between human health, culture, and biology

c) The genetic evolution of humans

d) The archaeological study of ancient medical practices

33 / 38

The study of human evolution and variation, both past and current, is the focus of which subfield?

a) Linguistic Anthropology

b) Cultural Anthropology

c) Physical/Biological Anthropology

d) Archaeology

34 / 38

The 'Kula Ring' is an example of?

a) A method of stone tool production

b) A form of political organization among tribes

c) A system of ceremonial gift exchange in the Trobriand Islands

d) A type of ancient monument found in Pacific societies

35 / 38

In anthropological research, 'Informed Consent' refers to?

a) Permission granted by a community to study their cultural practices

b) The acknowledgment by subjects that they understand the purpose of the study

c) A legal document signed by anthropologists before conducting fieldwork

d) An agreement to participate in research after being informed of the risks and benefits

36 / 38

What is the study of human societies, cultures, and their development?

a) History

b) Anthropology

c) Sociology

d) Psychology

37 / 38

Which subfield of anthropology focuses on the study of human biological and physiological characteristics?

a) Linguistic Anthropology

b) Cultural Anthropology

c) Archaeology

d) Physical Anthropology

38 / 38

The concept of 'Taboo' is most closely associated with which anthropologist?

a) Margaret Mead

b) Sigmund Freud

c) Franz Boas

d) Bronisław Malinowski

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Anthropology​ MCQs

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Anthropology MCQs