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Psychology Past Paper MCQs
Psychology 2024 MCQs
1 / 20
Maria refuses to study for an exam, saying that fate will decide her grade. ______ provide plausible explanations for her behavior.
Maria exhibits an external locus of control (attributing outcomes to luck/fate). Self-monitoring (A) refers to adjusting behavior to social cues.
2 / 20
A hungry person would find food to be a:
Food is a primary reinforcer (innately satisfying). Secondary reinforcers (B) (e.g., money) gain value through association.
3 / 20
Salma has always strongly believed that it is wrong to cheat. But after she herself cheats on a quiz, her attitude toward cheating becomes significantly less harsh is the example of:
Cognitive dissonance (Festinger) occurs when actions contradict beliefs, leading to attitude change (e.g., justifying cheating to reduce discomfort).
4 / 20
______ is based on the principles of classical conditioning.
Systematic desensitization (used in phobia treatment) pairs relaxation with feared stimuli, based on classical conditioning (Pavlovian principles).
5 / 20
“Give me a child till that child is five years old, and I will make of him anything you want doctor, lawyer, thief”, a likely quote from:
This statement reflects John B. Watson’s behaviorist perspective, emphasizing the power of environmental conditioning in shaping behavior. Watson believed that early experiences and learning could determine a person’s development, regardless of innate traits.
6 / 20
Iconic memory refers to:
Iconic memory is a brief (0.5 sec) visual sensory store. It differs from working memory (A/B) or short-term memory (C), which involve active processing.
7 / 20
The little bumps visible on your tongue are:
Papillae are the small bumps on the tongue that house taste buds (A). Taste buds contain receptors (D), but papillae are the visible structures.
8 / 20
First experimental lab of Psychology was established in:
Wilhelm Wundt established the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany (1879), marking the formal beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline.
9 / 20
According to Piaget theory in ______ stage child can understand that a ball of clay can take a different shape without either losing or gaining substance.
The concrete-operational stage (7–11 years) introduces conservation—understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape.
10 / 20
Theory described by Abraham Maslow is known as:
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (physiological → self-actualization) explains human motivation. Equity theory (B) and cognitive dissonance (D) are unrelated.
11 / 20
Kohler’s experiments with chimpanzees demonstrate that chimps are capable of:
Wolfgang Köhler showed that chimps could solve problems suddenly (insight learning), not just through trial-and-error (C) or one-trial learning (A).
12 / 20
______ styles of parenting Baumrind identify.
Diana Baumrind’s parenting styles are authoritarian (strict), authoritative (balanced), and permissive (lenient). Later, neglectful was added as a fourth style.
13 / 20
The “fight or flight” response to a perceived threat is associated with increased activity of:
The sympathetic nervous system activates physiological responses (e.g., increased heart rate, adrenaline release) during stress. The parasympathetic system (B) calms the body afterward.
14 / 20
______ studies the relationships among employees affect those employees and the performance of a business.
Organizational psychology focuses on workplace behavior, motivation, and productivity. Industrial psychology (A) is broader (e.g., hiring processes).
15 / 20
When you focus on two or more things at the same time, you’re using:
Divided attention (multitasking) contrasts with sustained (B; prolonged focus) or selective attention (C; filtering distractions).
16 / 20
The ______ is associated with the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus regulates homeostasis, including hunger, thirst, body temperature, and hormonal balance via the pituitary gland. It does not control refined movements (A), spatial perception (B), or long-term planning (C).
17 / 20
The field theory was developed by:
Kurt Lewin’s field theory examines behavior as a function of the person and their environment ("life space").
18 / 20
A major distinction between episodic and semantic memory was central to the work of:
Endel Tulving differentiated episodic (personal events) and semantic (facts/knowledge) memory. Ebbinghaus (C) studied forgetting curves; Skinner (D) focused on behaviorism.
19 / 20
The opponent process theory has been prominent in the field of:
The opponent-process theory explains color vision (e.g., red-green, blue-yellow pairs in retinal ganglion cells). It also applies to emotion (D) but is most tied to vision.
20 / 20
The basilar membrane plays an important role in:
The basilar membrane in the cochlea vibrates in response to sound waves, enabling hearing. It is not involved in vision (A), smell (C), or taste (D).
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