The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India, and it served as the nation’s first Parliament after India gained independence in 1947. This historic assembly was established through negotiations between leaders of the Indian independence movement and members of the British Cabinet Mission.

Here are some key details about the Constituent Assembly:

• Formation: The idea of a Constituent Assembly was proposed as early as 1934 by M.N. Roy. However, it was officially created in 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan.
• Purpose: The Constituent Assembly’s primary purpose was to draft India’s Constitution.
• Composition:
  • It consisted of indirectly elected representatives from various regions.
  • The total membership was 389, including 292 representatives from the provinces, 93 from princely states, and 4 from chief commissioner provinces (Delhi, Ajmer-Merwara, Coorg, and British Baluchistan).
• Elections:
  • Elections for the 296 seats assigned to the British Indian provinces were completed by August 1946.
  • The Indian National Congress won 208 seats, and the Muslim League secured 73 seats.
• Drafting the Constitution:
  • The Constitution of India was meticulously drafted by the Constituent Assembly.
  • It was implemented under the Cabinet Mission Plan on May 16, 1946.
• Historical Significance:
  • The Constituent Assembly’s work laid the foundation for India’s democratic and constitutional framework.
  • It reflected the aspirations, diversity, and vision of a newly independent nation.

The Constituent Assembly’s efforts resulted in the remarkable document that shapes India’s governance, rights, and principles to this day.

The Shrine of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai is an 18th-century Sufi shrine situated in the town of Bhit Shah, which lies in the Matiari district of the Sindh province in Pakistan. This revered shrine is considered one of the most important in Sindh, and its annual urs festival attracts up to 500,000 visitors. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, a noted Sindhi Sufi scholar, mystic, saint, and poet, is widely regarded as the greatest Muslim poet of the Sindhi language. His collected poems are assembled in the compilation known as Shah Jo Risalo. The shrine complex, richly decorated with Sindhi-style tile work, includes a mosque, a mausoleum, and a large courtyard encircled by domed arcades.

Samina Baig, a remarkable mountaineer from the Shimshal valley of Hunza, holds the distinction of being the first Pakistani woman to conquer Mount Everest. She achieved this remarkable feat at the young age of 21. Notably, Samina Baig is also the youngest Muslim woman to climb Everest and the seven highest peaks on seven continents. Her determination and courage have left an indelible mark in the world of mountaineering, inspiring many others to follow in her footsteps.

Din-e-ilahi was a system of religious beliefs introduced by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1582. His idea was to combine Islam and Hinduism into one faith, but also to add aspects of Christianity, Zoroastrianism and Jainism.

China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers’ Dialogue was established in 2017 as a means of trilateral cooperation on issues of mutual interest and with a particular focus on cooperation in economic development and peace and security. The first meeting of the Dialogue was held in Beijing in 2017, second in Kabul in December 2018 and third on 7 September 2019 in Islamabad. The next round of talks will be held in Beijing in 2020.

Since independence, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) have been governed under the Frontier Crimes Regulation, 1901. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 in its Articles 1(2)(c), 246 and 247 conferred special status on these areas. Parliament had no authority to make any law for these areas. The president was law-giver who could, by a regulation, extend any law made by the parliament, to these areas with such exceptions and modifications as might be necessary, keeping in view the socio-cultural peculiarities and political dynamics of these areas. The system so prevalent in FATA was an exception to philosophy of rule of law. Despite numerous efforts to bring in reforms for these neglected areas, no government could succeed since 1976. However, after years of debate Pakistan’s National Assembly amended the constitution on 24 May 2018 (25th amendment) if favor of the integration of the FATA areas into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The colonial legacy in the form of political administration under the unbridled powers of Political Agent is no longer there. The office is renamed as Deputy Commissioner and Assistant Commissioner. Similarly, the Century old FCR [Frontier Crimes Regulation] is no more in the field and replaced with Interim Governance Regulation. The tribal people will have fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution and of which they were deprived till now. The introduction and presence of criminal and judicial system will ensure their fundamental rights like other citizens of rest of the Country. Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act 2018 was published in The Gazette of Pakistan on 5th June 2018.

The Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Pakistan was passed by the National Assembly of Pakistan on April 8, 2010 The amendment bill was passed by the Senate of Pakistan on April 15, 2010 and it became an act of parliament when President Asif Ali Zardari put his signature on the bill on April 19, 2010. It was the first time in Pakistan's history that a president relinquished a significant part of his powers willingly and transferred them to parliament and the office of the prime minister. President Asif Ali Zardari promulgated the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan that devolved powers and funds to provinces allowing for more provincial autonomy and equitable distribution of resources. The Eighteenth Amendment was indeed win of democracy in Pakistan, and a defeat of the advocates of the benevolent dictatorship in the country. The passage of 18th Constitutional Amendment is a landmark event in the history of Pakistan. The Special Committee of the Parliament headed by Senator Mian Raza Rabbani tirelessly and meticulously worked on the draft of the Constitutional Amendment. It was a rare moment when the parliamentary parties have forged consensus on issues of national importance. This historic move has amended around 102 Articles and restored the Constitution to its original shape representing a true parliamentary federal structure.

The highest civilian award in Pakistan is the Nishan-e-Pakistan. It is bestowed upon individuals who have rendered services of highest distinction to the national interest of Pakistan. This prestigious award holds a special place in the hearts of those who receive it, symbolizing their exceptional contributions to the country.

The capital of the state of Mysore, where Tipu Sultan died while fighting the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, was Srirangapatna. Srirangapatna is located near modern-day Mysore in the Indian state of Karnataka. Tipu Sultan, also known as the Tiger of Mysore, died defending his capital against British forces in 1799 during the final siege of Srirangapatna.

The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was passed by the National Assembly on April 10, 1973, during the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It was then ratified on August 14, 1973, making it the third constitution of Pakistan after those of 1956 and 1962. This constitution remains in force today and serves as the supreme law of Pakistan. It outlines the state’s structure, fundamental rights, legal system, and the establishment of institutions and armed forces. Notably, it designates the President of Pakistan as a ceremonial Head of State, representing the unity of the nation. The first six articles of the constitution establish Pakistan as a federal parliamentary republic with Islam as its state religion. Although it was enforced in 1973, Pakistan celebrates the adoption of the constitution on March 23 each year as Republic Day, commemorating when the first set was promulgated in 1956.