CSS Pakistan Affairs MCQs - 2015

After the partition of British India in 1947, the Indus River system, which irrigated both Indian and Pakistani territories, became a point of contention. On April 1, 1948, India stopped the supply of water from the Ferozepur Headworks to Pakistan’s West Punjab, particularly affecting the Dipalpur and Lahore branches.

This abrupt stoppage of water created a crisis in Pakistan, as large parts of its agricultural land were dependent on these canals. The event led to negotiations between the two countries, which resulted in a temporary agreement—the Delhi Agreement of May 4, 1948—whereby India agreed to resume water flow until a permanent solution was reached.

This incident was one of the key precursors to the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, brokered by the World Bank, which eventually divided the river system between the two nations.

The first census in India was conducted in the year 1872 during the period of Lord Mayo, who was the Viceroy of India at that time.

However, this was not a synchronous (simultaneous) census for the entire country. It was the first attempt to count the population systematically in different parts of British India.

The first complete and synchronous census of the entire country was held in 1881 during the tenure of Lord Ripon.

Darul Uloom Deoband was founded by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi in 1866.

Darul Uloom Deoband, located in Deoband, India, is one of the most influential Islamic seminaries in the world. It was established to promote Islamic education and reform during British colonial rule. The institution played a major role in the Deobandi movement, which emphasized religious scholarship, moral discipline, and opposition to colonial influence.