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Criminology MCQs

1 / 30

The 'dark figure of crime' refers to what?

a) High-profile criminal cases

b) Crimes not reported to the police

c) The unknown motives behind crimes

d) Illegal activities that occur at night

2 / 30

What does the 'broken windows theory' propose?

a) That all windows in crime areas should be repaired

b) Minor signs of disorder in a neighborhood encourage more serious crimes

c) Breaking a window is a gateway crime to more serious offenses

d) There is a direct correlation between the number of broken windows and the crime rate in an area

3 / 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of classical criminology?

a) Focus on the criminal's background

b) Belief in biological determinism

c) Emphasis on the rationality of the human being

d) Interest in rehabilitation over punishment

4 / 30

What does corporal punishment refer to?

a) A financial penalty

b) Physical punishment

c) Incarceration

d) Community service

5 / 30

Which of the following is a principle of the 'classical school' of criminology?

a) Criminal behavior is inherited

b) Crime results from rational choice

c) Crime is caused by societal factors

d) Criminals are fundamentally different from non-criminals

6 / 30

Which type of punishment is based on the concept of deterrence?

a) Rehabilitation

b) Retribution

c) Incapacitation

d) Preventive detention

7 / 30

Which theory suggests that crime is learned through association?

a) Strain theory

b) Control theory

c) Social learning theory

d) Labelling theory

8 / 30

What is the primary focus of criminology?

a) Law enforcement

b) Social services

c) The study of crime and criminals

d) Judicial processes

9 / 30

Which of the following best describes 'restorative justice'?

a) Punishing the offender severely to restore social order

b) Mediation between victims and offenders

c) The restoration of the offender's rights after serving time

d) Strict law enforcement to prevent crime

10 / 30

Which of the following is not a type of crime according to the legal definition?

a) Mala in se

b) Mala prohibita

c) Mala fide

d) Felony

11 / 30

Which theory is most associated with the concept that crime occurs when the bonds attaching individuals to society are weakened or broken?

a) Rational choice theory

b) Social bond theory

c) Feminist criminology

d) Conflict theory

12 / 30

Who proposed the 'techniques of neutralization' theory?

a) Sykes and Matza

b) Durkheim and Merton

c) Lombroso and Ferri

d) Sutherland and Cressey

13 / 30

What is the primary goal of 'crime prevention through environmental design' (CPTED)?

a) To prosecute environmental crimes

b) To rehabilitate criminals

c) To design urban environments that reduce crime

d) To enforce stricter environmental laws

14 / 30

What is 'victimology'?

a) The study of victims of crime

b) The psychological study of criminals

c) The study of victimless crimes

d) Analysis of the legal system's treatment of victims

15 / 30

What does the term 'criminal justice system' refer to?

a) A system of laws regulating criminal behavior

b) The network of courts that interpret criminal laws

c) The institutions and processes established to handle criminal offenders

d) A theoretical framework for understanding criminal behavior

16 / 30

What is meant by 'criminal profiling'?

a) A technique used to predict future crimes

b) The process of constructing a psychological profile of a criminal

c) The legal process of recording criminal activity

d) The act of gathering criminals' DNA profiles

17 / 30

Environmental criminology focuses on which of the following?

a) The genetic predispositions to criminal behavior

b) The impact of environmental factors on crime rates

c) The rehabilitation of criminals through environmental changes

d) The legal framework governing environmental protection

18 / 30

The concept of 'moral panic' is most related to which of the following?

a) The spread of ethical philosophy

b) A widespread feeling of fear and concern over a perceived threat to social order

c) The alignment of moral values with legal standards

d) The panic caused by a moral dilemma

19 / 30

Who is considered the father of modern criminology?

a) Sigmund Freud

b) Cesare Lombroso

c) Emile Durkheim

d) Jeremy Bentham

20 / 30

The concept of 'situational crime prevention' is based on what principle?

a) Improving community relations

b) Reducing opportunities for crime

c) Enhancing surveillance methods

d) Increasing the severity of punishments

21 / 30

Which criminological theory focuses on the absence of bonds to society's main institutions?

a) Labelling theory

b) Strain theory

c) Social control theory

d) Conflict theory

22 / 30

What does the term 'white-collar crime' refer to?

a) Crimes committed in urban areas

b) Crimes committed by professionals in the course of their occupation

c) Violent crimes

d) Petty theft and small-scale crimes

23 / 30

Which of the following best defines 'organized crime'?

a) Crimes committed by a structured group with a primary purpose of profit

b) Any group activity that results in a crime

c) A series of crimes committed in a planned and organized manner

d) Criminal acts committed by corporate entities

24 / 30

What is the concept of 'crime displacement'?

a) The transfer of criminal behavior from one country to another

b) The movement of crime from one location to another due to increased police presence

c) The change in the type of crimes committed over time

d) The shift in criminal activity from the physical world to the internet

25 / 30

Cybercrime includes which of the following activities?

a) Shoplifting

b) Homicide

c) Identity theft

d) Vandalism

26 / 30

Which theory emphasizes the role of societal structures in influencing crime?

a) Social disorganization theory

b) Rational choice theory

c) Psychoanalytic theory

d) Biological theory

27 / 30

What is 'anomie' according to Emile Durkheim?

a) A state of normlessness or lack of social regulation

b) A form of criminal behavior

c) A psychological state of criminal minds

d) A type of social organization

28 / 30

Who developed the theory of 'differential association'?

a) Edwin Sutherland

b) Robert K. Merton

c) Travis Hirschi

d) Cesare Beccaria

29 / 30

What does 'recidivism' mean?

a) The use of evidence-based practices in criminology

b) A decline in crime rates

c) The act of relapsing into crime

d) The study of criminal behavior patterns

30 / 30

What is the principle of 'lex talionis'?

a) The law of the land

b) The right to a fair trial

c) An eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth

d) The presumption of innocence

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Criminology MCQs

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